Stanford Medicine

• 1956 First use in Western hemisphere of linear accelerator to treat cancer
• 1960 First kidney transplant in California; Surgeon Roy Cohn leads the first human kidney transplant operation on the West Coast.
• 1962 First neonatal intensive care unit to allow parent visitation
• 1964 Demonstration of electrical stimulation of auditory nerve in deaf patients, paving the way for cochlear implants
• 1964 First successful clinical application of laser photocoagulation to treat detached retina (retinal)
• 1964 Development of the first sleep apnea monitor for newborn infants
• 1965 Development of technique for extracting anti-hemophilic globulin, the blood fraction needed to prevent bleeding in hemophiliacs
• 1967 First synthesis of biologically active DNA in test tube
• 1968 First adult human heart transplant in the United States
• 1968 Discovery that insulin resistance is the principal physiologic characteristic of mild type-II diabetes and obesity
• 1971 Discovery of RNA priming of DNA synthesis
• 1971First multicenter trial to demonstrate that lowering cholesterol levels prevents heart disease
• 1972 First construction of a recombinant DNA molecule containing DNA from two different species
• 1972 First U.S. trial of community-wide health education for preventing heart disease
• 1972 Discovery of a new class of immune response genes, suggesting for the first time that people may have predictable susceptibility to certain diseases
• 1973 First expression of a foreign gene implanted in bacteria by recombinant DNA methods
• 1974 Isolation of genome – genetic blueprint – of a virus that causes hepatitis B and a common form of liver cancer
• 1975 Discovery of link between exercise and increased “good” (HDL) cholesterol levels
• 1979 Discovery of dynorphin, a brain chemical 200 times more powerful than morphine
• 1980 First creation of human hybridoma cell line
• 1981 First successful human combined heart/lung transplant in the world (fourth attempted worldwide)
• 1981 First report of successful use of monoclonal antibodies to treat cancer
• 1983 Development with UC-San Diego of the first human monoclonal antibody for treating septic shock
• 1984 Isolation of a gene coding for part of the T-cell receptor, a key to the immune system’s function
• 1988 Isolation of pure hematopoietic stem cells from mice
• 1988 Development of an animal model for studying the human immune system
• 1989 Discovery of the “homing receptor,” which guides white blood cells into the peripheral lymph nodes
• 1990 Discovery of “off-switch” for genetic reproduction in bacteria
• 1992 Development of a genetically engineered vaccine to enhance patients’ immunological response against B-cell lymphoma
• 1992 Discovered the gene underlying a group of diseases called the demyelinating peripheral neuropathies in which the protective covering on nerves breaks down and the nerves are unable to function properly
• 1993 First functional image using time-resolved optics
• 1993 First clinical trial testing methods for preventing eating disorders in adolescents
• 1993 First demonstration that lifestyle changes and drug therapy decrease heart attack rates and slows progression of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries
• 1994 Development of a technique that enables researchers to toggle genes on and off in experimental animals
• 1994 Development of the new diagnostic instrument for rapid bedside screening of hemolysis in jaundiced newborns
• 1995 Development of the microarray technology that allows researchers to see at once which genes of the thousands present in a cell are switched “on”
• 1995 First optical imaging of infection in vivo
• 1996 Discovery that the p53 protein, known to be involved in controlling cancerous tumors, works as an “emergency brake” on cancer development
• 1996 Discovery that mutations in a single gene are responsible for the most common form of skin cancer in humans
• 1997 First optical imaging of gene expression in vivo
• 1997 Completion of a multicenter trial showing that standard chemotherapy for most children with early-stage non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma can be safely reduced
• 1999 First experimental demonstration that limiting children’s television use prevents excess weight gain
• 1999 Discovery of a genetic mutation that causes narcolepsy, a disabling sleep disorder affecting humans and animals
• 2000 Solution of the structure of the RNA polymerase protein, a pivotal molecule that copies genes from DNA to RNA
• 2000 Discovery of hereditary arthritis gene
• 2000 First use of gene expression profiling to distinguish cancer sub-types
• 2001 Participation in the successful international effort to complete the human genome sequencing project
• 2001 Identification of a novel gene family involved in asthma
• 2002 First use of RNAi to switch off genes in mice
• 2002 First use of gene expression profiling to predict cancer outcomes
• 2002 Discovery that training exercises can physically change the way the brain is wired
• 2003 Discovery that Wnt genes, first discovered as critical genes in cancer, are also critical regulators of stem cell development
• 2005 Discovery of obestatin, a hormone that suppresses appetite
• 2006 Discovery of a protein that may explain why tumors in a low-oxygen environment are so deadly
• 2007 Discovery that stem cells transplanted into the brains of rats and mice navigate toward areas damaged by stroke
• 2007 Application and expansion of optogenetics, a technique to control brain cell activity with light
• 2007 Identification of a pattern of gene expression shared by transplant patients who are able to stay healthy without anti-rejection drugs
• 2008 Discovery of a molecule that kills kidney cancer cells
• 2008 Development of a new type of imaging system that can illuminate tumors in living subjects, getting pictures with a precision of nearly one-trillionth of a meter
• 2008 Development of a test that reduces the risks in testing for chromosomal disorders such as Down syndrome
• 2009 A researcher sequences his own genome for less than $50,000 and with a team of just two others
• 2009 Discovery of the first human bladder cancer stem cell
• 2009 Discovery of a "don't-eat-me" signal that allows blood cancer stem cells to migrate safely through the body
• 2010 For the first time, researchers use a healthy person's complete genome sequence to predict his risk for dozens of diseases
• 2010 Scientists transform mouse skin cells directly into functional nerve cells with the application of just three genes
• 2011 First use of aggregate patient data from electronic medical records to select treatment for a rare pediatric condition
• 2011 Stanford/Packard scientists find new uses for existing drugs by mining gene-activity data banks
• 2011 Scientists demonstrate that elevating the brain's susceptibility to stimulation can produce social deficits resembling those of autism and schizophrenia
• 2011 Using skin cells from patients with a severe genetic heart defect, researchers create human heart cells with the same genetic mutation, allowing them to test drugs on the cells
• 2012 New method allows sequencing of fetal genomes using maternal blood
• 2012 Use of a single antibody caused human tumors transplanted into laboratory mice to disappeared or shrink
• 2012 First-ever integrative 'omics' profile lets scientist discover, track his diabetes onset
• 2013 A new technique induces egg growth in infertile women, and one gives birth
• 2013 A hydrogel process developed at Stanford creates transparent brain
• 2014 Study finds DNA of peanut-allergic kids changes with immune therapy
• 2014 Study finds gene variant puts women at higher risk of Alzheimer’s than it does men
• 2014 Study finds infusion of young blood recharges brains of old mice

Institutes

• Child Health Research Institute
• Stanford Cancer Institute
• Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine
• Stanford Cardiovascular Institute
• Stanford Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection

Institutes

• Alzheimer's Disease Research Center
• Asian Liver Center
• Beckman Center
• Canary Center at Stanford
• Cardiothoracic Surgical Skills & Education Center.
• Center for Advanced Pediatric & Perinatal Education
• Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & Imaging
• Center for Asian Health Research and Education
• Center for Biomedical Imaging at Stanford
• Center for Clinical Immunology at Stanford
• Center for Clinical Informatics
• Center for Compassion & Altruism Research and Education
• Center for Education & Research in Family & Community Medicine
• Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology
• Center for Genomics & Personalized Medicine
• Center for Immersive & Simulation-based Learning
• Center for Integration of Research on Genetics & Ethics
• Center for Pediatric Policy, Outcomes & Prevention
• Chase Hand & Upper Limb Center
• Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research Center
• Clinical Excellence Research Center
• Conference Center at Li Ka Shing Center
• Conte Center for Neuroscience Research
• Cystic Fibrosis Center at Stanford
• Diabetes Research Center
• Freidenrich Center for Translational Research
• Genome Technology Center
• Goodman Simulation Center
• Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine
• March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center
• Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford
• Mood Disorders Center
• National Biocomputation Center
• Older Adult & Family Center
• Pain Management Center
• Presence
• Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research
• Spectrum Child Health
• Stanford Blood Center
• Stanford Center for Biomedical Research
• Stanford Center for Cancer Systems Biology
• Stanford Center for Clinical and Translational Research and Education
• Stanford Center for Health Research on Women & Sex Differences in Medicine
• Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease
• Stanford Center for Medical Education Research & Innovation
• Stanford Center for Mental Health and the Prevention of Premature Mortality
• Stanford Center for Memory Disorders
• Stanford Center for Narcolepsy
• Stanford Center for Neuroscience in Women's Health
• Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences & Medicine
• Stanford Center for Urologic Genomics
• Stanford Center for Youth Mental Health and Wellbeing
• Stanford Concussion and Brain Performance Center
• Stanford Down Syndrome Research Center
• Stanford Geriatric Education Center
• Stanford Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Initiative
• Stanford NHLBI Proteomics Center for Systems Immunology
• Stanford Stroke Center
• Stanford-Surgery Policy Improvement Research and Education Center (S-SPIRE)
• Stanford University Center for Biomedical Ethics
• Stanford University Geriatric Education Resource Center
• Stanford/VA Alzheimer's Center
• Surgical Center for Outcomes & Research Evaluation
• VA Simulation Center
• Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Research Programs

• 3D and Quantitative Imaging Lab
• ALS Consortium of Epidemiologic Studies
• Arts, Humanities & Medicine Program
• Biomedical Data Science Initiative
• Bipolar & Depression Research Program
• Body Magnetic Resource Group
• Cognitive Aids in Medicine Group
• Complementary & Alternative Medicine Program
• Depression Research Clinic
• Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics Research Group
• Eating Disorders Research Program
• Human Performance Laboratory
• Information Sciences in Imaging at Stanford
• Laboratory for the Study of Behavioral Medicine
• Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford
• Network for Translational Research in Optical Imaging
• Neurobehavorial Assessment of the Preterm Infant
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders Program
• Population Health Sciences Initiative
• Program in Bioethics & Film
• Program on Prevention Outcomes & Practices
• Program on Stem Cells in Society
• Quality of Care for SMA Patients
• Radiological Sciences Laboratory
• SPARK Program
• Stanford AIDS Clinical Trial Unit
• Stanford Anesthesia Informatics & Media Lab
• Stanford Autopsy Service
• Stanford Brain Development Project
• Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics
• Stanford Early Life Stress Research Program
• Stanford Functional Genomics Facility
• Stanford Initiative to Cure Hearing Loss
• Stanford Internet-based Successful Aging (iSAGE) Project
• Stanford Multidsciplinary Cutaneous Lymphoma Group
• Stanford Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Initiative
• Stanford Pediatric Bipolar Disorders Program
• Stanford Program in Epithelial Biology
• Stanford Research into the Impact of Tobacco Advertising
• Stanford-LPCH Vaccine Program
• Stanford/Packard Global Child Health Program
• Systems Neuroscience & Pain Lab
• Translational Research & Applied Medicine Program